| PDT MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY See definition for Medical Toxicology (Emergency Medicine).
PFP FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY The field of Forensic Psychiatry, a subspecialty of Psychiatry, requires special skills in knowledge and evaluation of certain diagnostic groups of patients that include those with sexual disorders, antisocial personality disorders, paranoid disorders, and addictive disorders. The forensic psychiatrist requires special skills and training to perform careful observations for malingering, the utilization of ancillary information such as police reports, interviews with relatives and witnesses, and careful review of prior medical records. The forensic psychiatrist who performs evaluations requiring reports and testimony must also have knowledge of certain legal concepts and structures, such as the organization and structure of the judicial system, statutory, case and administrative law, rules of evidence, specific case law relevant to mental disorders in the practice of psychiatry, and the organization and operations of the legislative process. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You: The American Board of Medical Specialties, 1995. ACGME Training Requirements: 1 year of post-residency education after completion of an ACGME accredited psychiatry residency. The American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology awards a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Forensic Psychiatry.
PG PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY A pediatric gastroenterologist understands the pathophysiology of disorders of the digestive systems of infants, children and adolescents. He has achieved competence in the clinical diagnosis and medical treatment of these disorders. He/she is able to select, perform and evaluate procedures necessary for morphological, physiological, immunological, microbiological and psychsocial assessment of gastrointestinal diseases. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Gastroenterology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of Peditrics + 1 additional year of Gastroenterology for certification. Total - 6 years.
PHO PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY/ONCLOGY A pediatric hematologist-oncologist is a specialized physician with three interrelated characteristics. First, this physician has been trained in the growth and development of normal children from birth to adulthood as well as in the recognition and management of disease in these age groups. Second, this physician has been trained both in the basic science and clinical expression of hematologic (blood disorders) and oncologic (cancerous diseases). Third, the work of this physician combines his/her knowledge of general pediatrics and of hemnatology and oncology in a continuous process of study and service. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Hematology-Oncology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of Pediatrics + 1 additional year of Hematology-Oncology for certification. Total of 6 years.
PIP IMMUNOPATHOLOGY An immunopathologist is concerned with the scientific study of the causes, diagnosis, and prognosis of disease by the application of immunological principals to the analysis of tissues, cells, and body fluids. The immunopathologist is required to have a detailed understanding of the immunologic basis of disease from the perspective of anatomic and clinical pathology and to have the knowledge and ability to interpret laboratory data in relation to patients with immunologic diseases and organ transplant recipients. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pathology awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Immunopathology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 1 year GME in the specialty + 5 years in Anatomic/Clinical Pathology for a total of 6 years OR 2 years GME in the specialty + 4 years in Anatomic Pathology or Clinical Pathology, for a total of 6 years.
PLI CLINICAL AND LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY (PEDIATRICS) Pediatrics, Clinical and Laboratory Immunology is the subspecialty of Pediatrics that is concerned with the various laboratory procedures required to analyze both the function and malfunction of the immune system. Training provides an appropriate clinical background to prepare the physician to serve as a consultant in the application and interpretation of diagnostic immunology tests. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Clinical and Laboratory Immunology. Certification Program Requirements: Certification in General Pediatrics + certification in Allergy and Immunology and at least 4 years in comprehensive Clinical and Laboratory Immunology or at least 1 year training in Clinical and Laboratory Immunology programs accredited by the ACGME. Source: American Board of Pediatrics 03/1992
PLM PALLIATIVE MEDICINE The World Health Organization defines Palliative Medicine as the active total care of patients...when their disease is no longer responsive to curative treatments and when control of pain, of other symptoms, and of psychological, social, and spiritual problems is paramount. The overall goal of palliative care is the highest possible quality of life for the patient and family. It offers a support system to help the patient live as actively as possible till death and a support system to help the family cope during the patient's illness and in bereavement. Palliative care may include hospice care. Source: Procedings of the American Medical Association House of Delegates, Annual 1993. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: Not Applicable. ABMS Certification Requirements: Not Applicable. For more information contact the American Academy of Hospice Physicians, Gainesville, FLA.
PM PHYSICIAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, also referred to as Rehabilitation Medicine, is the medical specialty concerned with diagnosing, evaluating and treating patients with impairments and/or disabilities which involve musculoskeletal, neurologic, cardiovascular or other body systems. The primary focus is on maximal restoration of physical, psychological, social and vocational function and on alleviation of pain. For diagnosis and evaluation, a physiatrist may include the techniques of electromyography and electrodiagnosis as supplements to the standard history, physical, x-ray and laboratory examinations. In addition to traditional treatment modes the specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation may use therapeutic exercise, prosthetics, orthotics, and mechanical and electrical devices. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation awards a General Certification in the specialty. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 3 years GME in the specialty + 1 year primary care. Total= 4 years.
PMD PAIN MEDICINE Pain Medicine physicians limit their practice to the evaluation and management of individuals with acute, cancer, and chronic pain. The Pain Medicine physician has background in the neurophysiology and neurochemistry of pain. The Pain Medicine physician recognizes the complexities of patients with chronic pain and addresses medical, physical, psycho-social and environmental factors that affect the individuals; perception of pain and the attendant disabilities. The Pain Medicine physician has advanced knowledge of and manages postoperative and acute pain. Physicians in diverse fields of medicine are active in pain medicine. These diverse fields include: Anesthesiology, Oncology, Neurosurgery, Neurology, Physcial Medicine and Rehabilitation, Psychiatry, Internal Medicine, Family Practice and other subspecialties. Training Programs, Fellowships and/or Preceptorships: Two-year Pain research fellowships are availble from the National Institute of Health (NIH). One-year Pain fellowships are offered on an ACGME accredited basis by many anesthesiology programs. Physicians in specialties other than anesthesiology or anesthesiologists who do not meet the criteria for Pain Management, Anesthesiology can apply to become Fellows of the American College of Pain Medicine if they meet the following requirements: (1) currently certified by one of the member Boards of the ABMS (2) two years in the practice of Pain Medicine (3) an unrestricted license to practice medicine in one of the 50 states. Source: The Center for Pain Medicine, Crawford Long Hospital of Emory University, 2/1994
PO PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY A Pediatric Opthalmologist is a physician who specializes in children's eye diseases and in Strabismus in children and adults. Training Requirements: A Pediatric Ophthalmologist must complete a 4 year residency program in Ophthalmology (3 years in Ophthalmology + 1 year Internal Medicine) and be certified in Ophthalmology by the American Board of Ophthalmology and complete a 1 year fellowship in Pediatric Opthalmology in order to be certified in Pediatric Ophthalmology by the American Association of Ophthalmology. Source: The American Association of Opthalmology, 1993; The American Board of Opthalmology, 1993.
PP PEDIATRIC PATHOLOGY The specialist in pediatric pathology is an expert in the laboratory diagnosis of diseases that occur during fetal growth and infant and childhood development. The practice of this specialty requires a strong foundation in general pathology and substantial understanding of normal growth and developmennt along with extensive knowledge of pediatric medicine. The pediatric pathologist is a consultant to pediatricians and all physicians involved in the care of infants and children. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pathology offers a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Pathology. Certification Program Requirements: Certification in Anatomic and Clinical Pathology or Anatomic Pathology only from the American Board of Pathology or Anatomic Pathology or General Pathology from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada + 2 years of additional supervised training in an ACGME accredited program for such training or approved for such training by the American Board of Pathology. Additional Pathways exist. Contact the Board of Pathology for specific program information. Source: American Board of Pathology 03/1992
PPR PEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY A pediatric rheumatology subspecialist is a pediatrician whose primary responsibilities are to treat and provide an excellent level of patient care for the infant, child, or adolescent with a rheumatic or related disease and participates in the prevention, understanding of the cause, and treatment of the various rheumatic disorders and promotes understanding of the basic mechanisms of the disease in the interrelated areas of immunology, genetics, inflammation, and infectious diseases. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. Certification Program Training: Certification in General Pediatrics + completion of 2 years of training in pediatric rheumatology for residents who entered pediatric rheumatology before January 1, 1992; on or after January 1, 1992, 3 years of full-time broad-based subspecialty residency training. Additional Pathways exist. Contact the Board of Pediatrics for specific program requirements. Source: American Board of Pediatrics, 04/1992
PS PLASTIC SURGERY The specialty of Plastic Surgery deals with the repair and reconstruction of defects of form and function of the integument and its underlying musculoskeletal system, with emphasis on the craniofacial structures, the oropharynx, the upper and lower limbs, the breast and the external genitalia. It includes aesthetic surgery of structures and undesirable form. Special knowledge and skill in the design and transfer of flaps, in the transplanation of tissues, and in the replantation of structures are vital to these ends, as is skill in excisional surgery, in management of complex wounds, and in the use of alloplastic materials. Knowledge of surgical design, surgical diagnosis, surgical and artistic anatomy, surgical pathology, surgical oncology, surgical physiology and pharmacology and bacteriology, biomechanics, embryology, and surgical instrumentation are fundamental to this specialty. The judgment and technical capability for achieving satisfactory surgical results are mandatory qualities for the plastic surgeon. The minimum commitment in years of training is five with most individuals training for seven years. The American Board of Plastic Surgery awards a General Certification in Plastic Surgery. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992 ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of General Surgery or the equivalent. Total = 5 years. OR 3 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of General Surgery or the equivalent. Total = 6 years.
PSM SPORTS MEDICINE (see ESM, Sports Medicine, Emergency Medicine)
PTH ANATOMIC AND CLINICAL PATHOLOGY Pathology is that specialty of the practice of medicine dealing with the causes and nature of disease. It contributes to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment through knowledge gained by the laboratory application of the biologic, chemical, and physical sciences to man, or materials obtained from man. A certified specialist in pathology is a physician who voluntarily undertook and successfully completed an approved graduate medical education program in pathology and an evaluation process, including an examination administered by The American Board of Pathology. The purpose of the certification process is to assure the public and the medical profession that the pathologist has a level of knowledge, skill, and other abilities deemed necessary for the scientific practice of pathology. Pathologists are prepared to use their skills and knowledge for the diagnosis, exclusion, and monitoring of disease by means of information gathered from the microscopic examination of tissue specimens, cells, and body fluids, and from clinical laboratory tests on body fluids and secretions. The application of the resulting information to patient care requires pathologists to be especially knowledgeable in the management of laboratories and in data processing and to be conversant with new developments in high technology. Pathologists have the clinical training as well as the laboratory expertise to function as consultants to physicians practicing clinical medicine and to patients. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pathology awards General Certifications in Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, Anatomic Pathology, and Clinical Pathology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 4 years of GME in the specialty + 1 additional year of credentialing clinical activity for certification, for a total of 5 years.
PTX MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY (PREVENTIVE MEDICINE) See definition for Medical Toxicology (Emergency Medicine). Certification Program Requirements: The American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) offers a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Medical Toxicology. The Boards of Pediatrics (ABP) and Preventive Medicine (ABPM) offer a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Medical Toxicology. According to the procedures established by the ABEM, ABP, and ABPM, applicants must be diplomates in good standing of an American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) member board. A physician must be Board Certified in Pediatrics or Preventive Medicine to receive a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Medical Toxicology and must go through the Board of Pediatrics or Preventive Medicine. A physician must be Board Certified in Emergency Medicine or any other member Board of ABMS to receive a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Medical Toxicology. Note: If a Board offers a Certificate of Special Qualifications as does the Board of Emergency Medicine it can accept diplomates of other Boards. Diplomates must have completed a 2 year Medical Toxicology fellowship OR one of the other available Pathways. Contact the sponsoring Boards for specific Pathway requirements. Source: The American Board of Preventive Medicine, 12/93
PUD PULMONARY DISEASE Pulmonary Disease is the subspecialty concerned with diseases of the lungs and airways. The pulmonologist diagnoses and treats pneumonia, cancer, pleurisy, asthma, occupational diseases, bronchitis, sleep disorders, emphysema, and other complex disorders of the lungs. Pulmonologists test lung functions in many ways, endoscope the bronchial airways and prescribe and monitor mechanical assistance to ventilation. Many pulmonary disease experts are also expert in critical care. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Internal Medicine awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pulmonary Diseases. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of Internal Medicine, for a total of 5 years.
PYA PSYCHOANALYSIS Psychoanalysis is a treatment that demonstrates how unconscious factors affect current relationships and patterns of behavior. Through the intimate partnership of patient and analyst, psychoanalysis shows how these unconscious factors have changed and developed over time and helps the individual to deal better with realities of adult life. Like its adult counterpart, child and adolescent psychoanalysis is based on a common theoretical framework for understanding psychological life while using additional techniques and measures to deal with the special capabilities and vulnerabilites of children. As a general theory of individual human behavior and experience, psychoanalytic ideas enrich and are enriched by the study of biological and social sciences, group behavior, history, philosophy, art, and literature. As a developmental theory, psychoanalysis contribues to child psychology, education, law, and family studies. Through its examination of the complex relationship between body and mind, psychoanalysis also furthers our understanding of the role of emotions in health as well as in medical illness. The designation "psychoanalyst" is not protected by federal or state law: anyone, even an untrained person, may use the title. It is therefore important to know the practitioner's credentials before beginning treatment. Training Programs and/or Fellowships, Preceptorships Graduate psychoanalysts trained under the auspices of the American Psychoanalytic Association are physicians who have completed a four-year residency program in psychiatry, or psychologists or social workers with extensive clinical experience who have completed a doctoral program in their fields. Outstandingly qualified scholar-researchers, educators, and selected other professionals may also be approved for psychoanalytic training. All accepted candidates, whatever their background, then begin six to ten years of psychoanalytic training. Source: About Psychoanalysis, American Psychoanalytic Association (APA), the APA Web Site 10/16/96
PYG GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY See Psychiatry. In addition, formal subspecialization exists in geriatric psychiatry. A geriatric psychiatrist has devoted one additional year of training to the diagnosis and treatment of mental, addictive, and emotional disorders of the elderly. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology awards a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Geriatric Psychiatry. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 1 year GME in the specialty + 4 years of psychiatry for a total of 5 years. Source: American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology 08/1992
R RADIOLOGY Radiology is defined as that branch of medicine which deals with the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of radiant energy. The American Board of Radiology awards a General Certification in Radiology. Training programs no longer exist in Radiology alone. See Radiation Oncology, Diagnostic Radiology, Nuclear Radiology. Source: American Board of Radiology 03/1992
REN REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY A reproductive endocrinologist is a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology who is capable of managing complex problems relating to reproductive endocrinology and infertility, and whose current professional activity involves the practice of reproductive endocrinology in a setting wherein essential diagnostic and therapeutic re Sources are available and being used appropriately. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Reproductive Endocrinology. Training Requirements: 4 years in an Obstetrics and Gynecology GME program + at least 2-3 years in Reproductive Endocrinology. This program is determined by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Certification Requirements: Certification in Obstetrics and Gynecology + 2-3 year fellowship program in Reproductive Endocrinology. Contact the Board for possible Pathways. Source: American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology 3/1994
RHU RHEUMATOLOGY The rheumatologist is concerned with diseases of joints, muscle, bones, and tendons. The rheumatologist diagnoses and treats arthritis, back pain, muscle strains, common athletic injuries, and collagen diseases. The rheumatologist may work closely with other specialists such as physical therapists and orthopaedic surgeons. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Internal Medicine awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Rheumatology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of Internal Medicine for a total of 5 years.
RNR NEURORADIOLOGY Neuroradiology includes imaging and interventional procedures related to the brain, spine and spinal cord, head, neck, and organs of special sense in adults and children. The Neuroradiologist requires special training and skills to function as an expert diagnostic and therapeutic consultant and practitioner. Source: The AMA Graduate Medical Education Directory, 1993-1994. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: One year of graduate medical education in Neuroradiology following successful completion of an ACGME accredited program in Diagnostic Radiology or its equivalent. (See Diagnostic Radiology).
RO RADIATION ONCOLOGY Radiation Oncology (Therapeutic Radiology) is that branch of Radiology which deals with the therapeutic applications of radiant energy and its modifiers and the study and management of disease, especially malignant tumors. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Radiology awards a General Certification in Radiation Oncology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 3 years GME in the specialty. Not more than 6 months can be spent outside the parent program. Total = 3 years.
RP RADIOLOGICAL PHYSICS Radiological Physics is that branch of medical physics which includes therapeutic radiological physics, diagnostic radiological physics, and medical nuclear physics; including radiation safety. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Radiology offers a General Certification in Radiological Physics Certification Program Requirements: Requirements include: (1) specialization by education, training or experience in one or more of the Radiological Physics subfields (2) a Bachelor's degree in physics or applied physics OR a Bachelor's degree in an appropriate engineering field (e.g., electrical, mechanical, or nuclear), chemistry, physical chemistry, or applied mathematics with a strong physics minor (3) a Masters or doctoral degree in medical physics or physics OR in a physical science, applied mathematics, or engineering field with equivalent of a physics minor (4) competence of formal course work in biological sciences; general biology, anatomy, physiology, oncology, radiobiology (5) a minimum of five years of full-time active association with approved departments OR divisions of diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiation oncology. American Board of Radiology, 9/1993
SCI SPINAL CORD INJURY MEDICINE (PHYSICIAN MEDICINE & REHABILITATION Spinal Cord Injury Medicine (SCI Medicine) is the subspecialty that, in an interspecialty manner, addresses the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of traumatic SCI and non-traumatic myelopathies including, on a life-long basis, the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of related medical, physical, psychosocial and vocational disabilities and complications. Source: American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1/96. The American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation has approved a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Spinal Cord Injury Medicine (1995). ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: Training in SCIM shall be 12 months in duration beginning after satisfactory completion of an approved residency program in a specialty relevant to spinal cord injury medicine, such as anesthesiology, emergency medicine, family practice, internal medicine, neurological surgery, neurology, orthopaedic surgery, pediatrics, physical medicine and rehabilitation, plastic surgery, surgery, or urology. The program must provide for individuals to acquire, within the interdisciplinary spinal cord injury team, knowledge of emergency care and knowledge and skills in the following areas: (1) post-initial care (b) initial and ongoing medical rehabilitation (c) discharge planning (d) lifelong care (e) scholarly activity in support of these skills. For additional information contact the ACGME, Chicago, Il. and/or the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rochester, Minnesota. ABMS Certification Requirements: Certification by an ABMS member board + at least 1 year of an ACGME approved fellowship in SCI Medicine and 3 years of practice experience primarily in SCI Medicine after residency training. After the first 5 years following initiation of the examination and approval of the first fellowship training program in SCI Medicine, the candidate must be certified by an ABMS member board and have at least 1 year of an ACGME approved fellowship in SCI Medicine and 3 years of practice experience primarily in SCI Medicine after residency training.
SM SLEEP MEDICINE Sleep medicine is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with disorders of sleep and daytime alertness and the effect of the sleep processes upon other medical disorders. The field of sleep medicine developed because specialized knowledge of the sleeping brain and the pathological deviations of normal sleep physiology provides the physician the expertise to recognize and treat sleep-related illness. Not recognizing these disorders results in medical, economic, and social consequences such as the increased cardiovascular mortality related to sleep apnea syndrome, transportation and industrial accidents secondary to decreased alertness, or performance deficits in school due to narcolepsy or other disorders of excessive sleepiness. Training Programs, and/or Fellowships, Preceptorships: The American Board of Sleep Medicine certifies physicians in Sleep Medicine. There are 26 fellowship training programs in Sleep Medicine, 14 of which are currently certified by the American Sleep Disorders Association (ASDA) as comprehensive training programs in Sleep Medicine. Candidates for these programs must have completed an ACGME accredited residency program in family practice, general surgery, internal medicine, neurology, otolaryngology, pediatrics or psychiatry. Source: American Sleep Disorders Association, 8/1995.
SO SURGICAL ONCOLOGY Surgical Oncologists are surgeons who devote more than 50% of their professional time to the treatment of tumors. Training Requirements: Requirements for specialization in Surgical Oncology are successful completion of an ACGME accredited residency program in general surgery and completion of a fellowship in Surgical Oncology approved by the Society of Surgical Oncology or an equivalent postgraduate medical education program. ABMS Certification Requirements: Not Applicable. For more information contact the Society of Surgical Oncology, Arlington Heights, Il.
TRS TRAUMA SURGERY Traumatic Surgery deals with the treatment of wounds and injuries through surgical methods. Training Programs, and/or Fellowships, Preceptorships: Fellowships of 1-2 years are available. Source: American Board of Surgery, 08/1992
TTS TRANSPLANT SURGERY Transplant Surgery is that discipline of surgery which provides the nonoperative and operative management of patients receiving transplanted cells, tissues, and organs as therapy for end-organ failure. Source: American Society of Transplant Surgeons ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: Not Applicable. ABMS Certification Requirements: Not Applicable. For more information contact the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, Boston, MA.
U UROLOGY A specialist in Urology is a physician who has fulfilled the requirements of, and is certified by, The American Board of Urology. He is competent to manage benign and malignant medical and surgical disorders of the adrenal gland and of the genitourinary system. Urologists have comprehensive knowledge of skills in endoscopic, percutaneous, and open surgery of congenital and acquired conditions of the reproductive and urinary systems and their contiguous structures. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Urology awards a General Certification in the specialty. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements:
UM UNDERSEA MEDICINE Undersea(s) Medicine is the branch of hyperbaric medicine that deals with the effects of pressure change and gas exchange due to descending and ascending in submersion environments or in pressure chambers. Various countermeasures and diagnostic and therapeutic protocols are important aspects of this field. The American Board of Preventive Medicine awards a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Undersea(s) Medicine. Certification Requirements: completion of 1 year of GME in Undersea(s) medicine in addition to previous certification by the American Board of Preventive Medicine. See Preventive Medicine. Source: American Board of Preventive Medicine 03/1992
UP PEDIATRIC UROLOGY Pediatric Urology is concerned with all aspects of congenital anomalies, childhood-acquired urologic problems such as tumors and trauma, and those overlapping problems of adolescence. The subspecialty training in pediatric urology must provide an experience of sufficient level for the trainee to acquire advanced skills in the management of congenital anomalies and pediatric urological problems. Source: The AMA Graduate Medical Education Directory, 1993-1994. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: One continuous clinical year taken subsequent to the completion of an accredited residency in Urology. A residency program in Pediatric Urology can be provided only in conjunction with an ACGME accredited Urology residency.
VIR VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY Vascular and interventional radiology is a branch of medicine that diagnoses and treats diseases using percutaneous methods guided by radiologic imaging. The unique clinical and invasive nature of practice in vascular and interventional radiology requires special training and skills. The vascular and interventional radiologist must be familiar with the signs and symptoms of disorders amenable to diagnosis and/or treatment by these techniques. The significance of the symptoms must be understood as well as the pathophysiology and natural history of the disorders. He/she must know the indications for and contraindications to vascular and interventional procedures, and must be skilled in the clinical and technical aspects of their implementation. He/she must be familiar with the medical and surgical alternatives in these various disorders. The vascular and interventional radiologist must have a complete understanding of imaging methods, including percutaneous imaging guided procdures, and the fundamentals of radiation physics, radiation biology, and radiation protection. Training Programs and/or Fellowships, Preceptorships Fellowships of 1-2 years duration available. Source: The Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology 03/1992
VS VASCULAR SURGERY A surgeon with special qualifications in the management of surgical disorders of the blood vessels excluding those immediately adjacent to the heart, lungs or brain. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Surgery awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in General Vascular Surgery and a Certificate of Added Qualifications in General Vascular Surgery. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 1 year GME in the specialty + 5 years General Surgery. Total = 6 years.
PEM PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE The pediatric emergency physician is one who has special qualifications to manage emergencies in infants and children. Pediatric emergency medicine also requires the application of knowledge in the technological advances in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergencies, enhanced by the broad understanding of child health and development which evloves with additional training in pediatric emergencies and experience with children and their families. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. The American Board of Emergency Medicine also awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Certification Program Requirements: Certification in either General Pediatrics or in Emergency Medicine + a minimum of a 2 year fellowship training in PEM. Additonal Pathways exist. Contact relevant Boards for specific eligibility infomation.
PE PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE (EMERGENCY MEDICINE) The pediatric emergency physician is one who has special qualifications to manage emergencies in infants and children. Pediatric emergency medicine also requires the application of knowledge in the technological advances in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergencies, enhanced by the broad understanding of child health and development which evloves with additional training in pediatric emergencies and experience with children and their families. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. The American Board of Emergency Medicine also awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Certification Program Requirements: Certification in either General Pediatrics or in Emergency Medicine + a minimum of a 2 year fellowship training in PEM. Additonal Pathways exist. Contact relevant Boards for specific eligibility infomation.
PN PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY A pediatric nephrologist is a medical specialist for children from fetal life to young adulthood who deals with the normal and abnormal development and maturation of the kidney and the urinary tract, the mechanisms by which the kidney can be damaged, the evaluation and treatment of renal diseases, fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension, and renal replacement therapy. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Pediatrics awards a Certificate of Special Qualifications in Pediatric Nephrology. ACGME Accredited Program Requirements: 2 years GME in the specialty + 3 years of Pediatrics + 1 additional year of Nephrology for certification. Total = 6 years.
NCC (NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY) The neurological surgeon who has received additional training in critical care medicine is a physician specialist whose knowledge is of necessity broad, involving all aspects of management of the critically ill patient and whose base of operation is the intensive care unit (ICU). The critical care medicine physician has completed training in a primary specialty and is, in addition, trained in critical care medicine aspects of many disciplines, enabling the critical care medicine specialist to work in concert with the various specialties on the patient care team in the ICU; to utilize recognized techniques for vital life support; to teach other physicians, nurses, and health professionals the practice of intensive care; and to foster research. Source: Which Medical Specialist For You, The American Board of Medical Specialties, November 1992. The American Board of Medical Specialties approved a Certificate of Critical Care Medicine (1985) to be offered by the Board of Neurological Surgery. No certificates have been issued as of 1993. Training Programs, and/or Fellowships, Preceptorships: Fellowships available. Source: American Board of Neurological Surgery 08/1992 What's New
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